MySQL群集双机模拟方案
转载请注明出处 MSN:danieyren@hotmail.com
硬件配置
普通PC server * 2 (最小集群环境需要4台服务器）
模拟环境
red hat linux9 for x86 (or red hat AS 2以上版本),glibc-2.2, static, gcc
MySQL版本4.1.12 binares
mysql-max binary版本目前只支持linux、max os x和solaris
本方案不涉及从源代码编译安装
主机 IP地址 用途
ndb1_mgmd_sqld 1192.168.1.100 Ndb node1+mgmd node1+sqld node1
ndb2_sqld2 192.168.1.200 Ndb node2+sqld node2
Mgmd:management server
sqld:mysql server
ndb:storaged node (share-nothing,base in memory)
安装
从http://dev.mysql.com/downloads/mysql/4.1.html下载mysql-max-4.1.12-pc-linux-gnu-i686.tar.gz到/var/tmp
Storage and SQL Node Installation
在两台主机上执行如下过程
shell>;groupadd mysql
shell>;useradd -g mysql mysql
shell>;tar zxfv mysql-max-4.1.12-pc-linux-gnu-i686.tar.gz
shell>;cp -vr mysql-max-4.1.12-pc-linux-gnu-i686 /usr/local/mysql-max-4.1.12-pc-linux-gnu-i686
shell>;cd /usr/local
shell>;ln -s mysql-max-4.1.12-pc-linux-gnu-i686 mysql
shell>;cd mysql;scripts/mysql_install_db –user=mysql
shell>;chown -R root .;chown -R mysql data;chgrp -R mysql .
shell>;cp support-files/mysql.server /etc/rc.d/init.d/
shell>;chmod +x /etc/rc.d/init.d/mysql.server
shell>;chkconfig --add mysql.server
shell>;chkconfig –level 3 mysql.server off
Management Node Installation
在主机ndb1_mgmd_sqld1上执行如下过程
shell>;cd /var/tmp
shell>;tar -zxvf mysql-max-4.1.12a-pc-linux-gnu-i686.tar.gz /usr/local/bin '*/bin/ndb_mgm*'
Configuration
Configuring the Storage and SQL Nodes
在两台主机上执行如下过程：
shell>;vi /etc/my.cnf
[MYSQLD] # Options for mysqld process:
ndbcluster # run NDB engine
ndb-connectstring=192.168.1.100 # location of MGM node
[MYSQL_CLUSTER] # Options for ndbd process:
ndb-connectstring=192.168.1.100 # location of MGM node
Configuring the Management Node
在主机ndb1_mgmd_sqld1上执行如下过程
shell>;mkdir /var/lib/mysql-cluster
shell>;cd /var/lib/mysql-cluster
shell>;vi config.ini
[NDBD DEFAULT] # Options affecting ndbd processes on all data nodes:
NoOfReplicas=2 # Number of replicas
DataMemory=80M # How much memory to allocate for data storage
IndexMemory=52M # How much memory to allocate for index storage
# For DataMemory and IndexMemory, we have used the
# default values. Since the "world" database takes up
# only about 500KB, this should be more than enough for
# this example Cluster setup.
[TCP DEFAULT]
[NDB_MGMD] # Management process options:
hostname=192.168.1.100 # Hostname or IP address of MGM node
datadir=/var/lib/mysql-cluster # Directory for MGM node logfiles
[NDBD] # Options for data node "A":
# (one [NDBD] section per data node)
HostName=192.168.1.100 # Hostname or IP address
DataDir=/usr/local/mysql/data # Directory for this data node's datafiles
[NDBD] # Options for data node "B":
hostname=192.168.1.200 # Hostname or IP address
datadir=/usr/local/mysql/data # Directory for this data node's datafiles
[MYSQLD] # SQL node options:
hostname=192.168.1.100 # Hostname or IP address
# Directory for SQL node's datafiles
# (additional mysqld connections can be
# specified for this node for various
# purposes such as running ndb_restore)
[MYSQLD] # SQL node options:
hostname=192.168.1.200 # Hostname or IP address
# Directory for SQL node's datafiles
# (additional mysqld connections can be
# specified for this node for various
# purposes such as running ndb_restore)
第一次启动
在主机ndb1_mgmd_sqld1上执行如下过程
shell>; ndb_mgmd -f /var/lib/mysql-cluster/config.ini
在两台主机上执行如下过程
shell>;ndbd –initial (note:--initial选项只能在第一次启动的时候使用)
shell>;/etc/init.d/mysql.server start
测试
在主机ndb1_mgmd_sqld1上执行如下过程
shell>; ndb_mgm
-- NDB Cluster -- Management Client --
ndb_mgm>; show
Connected to Management Server at: localhost:1186
Cluster Configuration
---------------------
[ndbd(NDB)] 2 node(s)
id=2 @192.168.0.100 (Version: 4.1.12, Nodegroup: 0, Master)
id=3 @192.168.0.200 (Version: 4.1.12, Nodegroup: 0)
[ndb_mgmd(MGM)] 1 node(s)
id=1 @192.168.0.100 (Version: 4.1.12)
[mysqld(SQL)] 1 node(s)
id=4 (Version: 4.1.12)
出现如上信息则表示mysql群集安装成功
数据抽样测试
在主机ndb1_mgmd_sqld1上执行如下过程
shell>;/usr/local/mysql/bin/mysql -u root test
MySQL>;DROP TABLE IF EXISTS City;
CREATE TABLE City (
ID int(11) NOT NULL auto_increment,
Name char(35) NOT NULL default '',
CountryCode char(3) NOT NULL default '',
District char(20) NOT NULL default '',
Population int(11) NOT NULL default '0',
PRIMARY KEY (ID)
) ENGINE=NDBCLUSTER;
MySQL>;INSERT INTO City VALUES (1,'Kabul','AFG','Kabol',1780000);
INSERT INTO City VALUES (2,'Qandahar','AFG','Qandahar',237500);
INSERT INTO City VALUES (3,'Herat','AFG','Herat',186800);
在主机ndb2_sqld2上执行如下过程
shell>;/usr/local/mysql/bin/mysql -u root mysql
MySQSL>;select * from City;
如果成功显示数据信息，则表示集群已经成功启动
Safe Shutdown and Restart
在主机ndb1_mgmd_sqld1上执行如下过程
shell>;ndb_mgm -e shutdown （关闭集群服务器，storage node也会自动被关闭)
在两台主机上执行如下过程
shell>;/etc/init.d/mysql.server stop
重新启动集群(顺序不能弄错)
在主机ndb1_mgmd_sqld1上执行如下过程
shell>; ndb_mgmd -f /var/lib/mysql-cluster/config.ini
在两台主机上执行如下过程
shell>;/usr/local/mysql/bin/ndbd
启动完ndbd进程后启动sqld进程
shell>;/etc/init.d/mysql.server start
附：
config.ini中各部分解释
[COMPUTER]: 定义群集主机.
[NDBD]: 定义群集数据节点.
[MYSQLD]: 定义Sql server节点.
[MGM|NDB_MGMD]: Defines the management server node in the cluster.
[TCP]: Defines TCP/IP connections between nodes in the cluster, with TCP/IP being the default connection protocol.
[SHM]: Defines shared-memory connections between nodes. 在MySQL 4.1.9之前，这个功能必须使用--with-ndb-shm option编译进去, 从MySQL 4.1.9-max版本开始, it is enabled by default
备份方案待续...
archangle 回复于：2005-06-15 16:06:23
支持原创
落伍者 回复于：2005-06-16 16:56:14
顶一下。不错。
透河井 回复于：2005-07-21 11:05:43
辛苦!!!顶
fei 回复于：2005-07-21 12:26:49
其实最小2台就行。另外ndb引擎目前限制太多。远不如innodb和myisam成熟。玩玩还行。
http://dev.mysql.com/doc/mysql/en/mysql-cluster-limitations-in-4-1.html
idoit 回复于：2005-07-21 13:33:16
支持
njblue2004 回复于：2005-07-22 10:34:39
我是两台服务器都是主和从，相互复制，
两台机子没有delete的语句，不知道能不能保持数据的一致性！！
请高手指教！
还有，在出现错误时如何解决，这方面资料不多，我只找到一个对付主键冲突的解决方法，
我现在有一个主从配置的复制，用还可以，但一出现复制错误，解决就很麻烦了
qtview 回复于：2005-08-17 10:50:14
支持
li_haigang 回复于：2005-08-21 11:11:30
不需要共享磁盘阵列？
wheel 回复于：2005-08-22 17:22:04
支持
yejr 回复于：2006-08-28 14:40:09
引用：原帖由 fei 于 2005-7-21 12:26 发表
其实最小2台就行。另外ndb引擎目前限制太多。远不如innodb和myisam成熟。玩玩还行。
http://dev.mysql.com/doc/mysql/en/mysql-cluster-limitations-in-4-1.html
一台足矣，只需用不同的端口即可
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